Welding (Welding) zvinoreva kubatanidza kana kusanganiswa kwezvidimbu nekushandisa kupisa uye/kana kudzvanya kuitira kuti zvidimbu zviumbe chinoenderera.Iko kunobva kupisa muwelding kazhinji kacho arc flame inogadzirwa nemagetsi emagetsi emagetsi.Arc-based welding inonzi arc welding.
Iko kusanganiswa kwezvidimbu zvinogona kuitika chete zvichienderana nekupisa kunogadzirwa nearc kuitira kuti zvidimbu zvewelding zvinyunguduke pamwechete.Iyi nzira inogona kushandiswa muTIG welding, semuenzaniso.
Kazhinji, simbi yekuzadza inonyungudutswa mukati mewelding seam, kana weld, ingave ichishandisa waya feeder kuburikidza nepfuti yewelding (MIG/MAG welding) kana kushandisa manual-feed welding electrode.Muchiitiko ichi, simbi yekuzadza inofanirwa kunge iine inenge yakaenzana yekunyungudika sechinhu chakakandwa.
Usati watanga nekuputira, mipendero yezvimedu zveweld inoumbwa kuva yakakodzera welding groove, semuenzaniso, V groove.Sezvo welding inofambira mberi, arc inobatana pamwe chete mipendero yegoro uye yekuzadza, ichigadzira dziva rakanyungudutswa.
Kuti weld igare yakasimba, dziva rakanyungudutswa re weld rinofanira kuchengetedzwa kubva kuokisijeni nemhedzisiro yemhepo yakatenderedza, semuenzaniso nekudzivirira magasi kana slag.Gasi rekudzivirira rinoiswa mudziva rakanyungudutswa reweld ine tochi yekutungidza.Iyo welding electrode yakaputirwawo nechinhu chinogadzira chekudzivirira gasi uye slag pamusoro pechidziva chakanyungudutswa weld.
Zvishandiso zvinonyanya kugadzirwa simbi, zvakaita sealuminium, simbi yakapfava, uye simbi isina tsvina.Uyezve, mapurasitiki anogona kugadzirwa.Mupurasitiki welding, iyo inopisa sosi imhepo inopisa kana yemagetsi resistor.
WELDING ARC
Iyo welding arc inodiwa muwelding kuputika kwemagetsi pakati pewelding electrode uye weld piece.Iyo arc inogadzirwa kana yakakura zvakakwana voltage pulse inogadzirwa pakati pezvidimbu.MuTIG welding izvi zvinogona kuitwa nekubatidza moto kana kuti welded material yarohwa newelding electrode (strike ignition).
Nokudaro, magetsi anobudiswa semheni inobvumira magetsi kuti afambe nepakati pemhepo, iyo inogadzira arc ine tembiricha yezviuru zvakati wandei madhigirii centigrade, pahupamhi hunosvika 10,000 ⁰Cdegrees (18,000 madhigirii Fahrenheit).Iyo inoenderera iripo kubva kune welding simba rekupa kune workpiece inotangwa kuburikidza newelding electrode, uye saka iyo workpiece inofanirwa kudzika pasi netambo yepasi mumushini we welding isati yatanga.
MuMIG/MAG welding iyo arc inotangwa kana iyo yekuzadza zvinhu inobata pamusoro peiyo workpiece uye pfupi-circuit inogadzirwa.Ipapo inoshanda ipfupi-yedunhu ikozvino inonyungudutsa kupera kwewaya yekuzadza uye arc welding inotangwa.Kune weld yakatsetseka uye yakasimba, iyo welding arc inofanirwa kugadzikana.Naizvozvo zvakakosha muMIG/MAG welding kuti welding voltage newaya feed rate inokodzera kune weld materials uye ukobvu hwadzo hunoshandiswa.
Uyezve, iyo nzira yekushanda yewelder inokanganisa kutsetseka kwearc uye, zvino, kunaka kweiyo weld.Kureba kwe electrode yewelding kubva kugororo uye kumhanya kwakadzikama kwetochi yewelding yakakosha pakubudirira welding.Kuongorora iyo chaiyo voltage uye waya yekudyisa kumhanya chikamu chakakosha chekugona kweanopisa.
Michina yemazuva ano yewelding, zvisinei, ine zvinhu zvakawanda zvinoita kuti basa rewelder rive nyore, zvakadai sekuchengetedza zvakamboshandiswa welding marongero kana kushandisa preset synergy curves, izvo zvinoita kuti zvive nyore kuseta maparamendi ewelding yebasa riripo.
KUDZIVIRIRA GESI MUWELDDING
Iyo inodzivirira gasi inowanzoita basa rakakosha mukugadzirwa uye kunaka kwewelding.Sezvinoratidzwa nezita rayo, gasi rinodzivirira rinodzivirira iyo yakanyungudutswa yakanyungudutswa inodzivirira kubva kuokisijeni pamwe nekusvibiswa uye unyoro mumhepo, izvo zvinogona kuderedza kushivirira kwekuora kweiyo weld, kuburitsa mhedzisiro, uye kunetesa kusimba kweiyo weld nekushandura iyo. geometrical features of the joint.Iyo gasi inodzivirira zvakare inotonhorera pasi pfuti yewelding.Iyo inonyanya kudzivirira gasi zvikamu ndeye argon, helium, carbon dioxide, uye oksijeni.
Iyo gasi yekudzivirira inogona kunge inert kana inoshanda.Iyo inert gasi haiite neyakanyungudutswa yakanyungudutswa zvachose nepo gasi rinoshanda richitora chikamu mukuita welding nekudzikamisa arc nekuchengetedza kufambiswa kwakanaka kwezvinhu kune weld.Inert gasi rinoshandiswa muMIG welding (simbi-arc inert gas welding) nepo gasi rinoshanda richishandiswa mu MAG welding (simbi-arc inoshanda gasi welding).
Muenzaniso wegesi inert ndeye argon, iyo isingaite neyakanyungudutswa weld.Ndiyo inonyanya kushandiswa kudzivirira gasi muTIG welding.Carbon dioxide neokisijeni, zvisinei, zvinoita neyakanyungudutswa weld sezvinoita musanganiswa wecarbon dioxide neargon.
Helium (Iye) zvakare inert inodzivirira gasi.Helium uye helium-argon musanganiswa unoshandiswa muTIG uye MIG welding.Helium inopa zvirinani kupinza kwedivi uye yakakura yekumhanyisa kumhanya kana ichienzaniswa neargon.
Carbon dioxide (CO2) uye okisijeni (O2) magasi anoshanda anoshandiswa seanodaidzwa kuti oxygenating chikamu kudzikamisa arc uye kuve nechokwadi chekufambiswa kwakanaka kwezvinhu mu MAG welding.Chiyero chezvikamu izvi zvegasi mukudzivirira gasi zvinotarirwa nemhando yesimbi.
ZVAKAITIKA NEZVINHU ZVINHU ZVINHU MUKURUDZIRA
Zviyero zvakati wandei zvepasirese uye zvimiro zvinoshanda kune welding maitiro uye chimiro uye maficha emuchina wewelding uye zvekushandisa.Iwo ane tsananguro, mirairo, uye zvirambidzo zvemaitiro uye zvimiro zvemuchina kuwedzera kuchengetedzeka kwemaitiro nemakina uye kuve nechokwadi chemhando yezvigadzirwa.
Semuenzaniso, chiyero chakajairwa chearc welding muchina IEC 60974-1 nepo tekinoroji mazwi ekutumira uye zvigadzirwa mafomu, zviyero, kushivirira, uye zvinyorwa zvirimo mune yakajairwa SFS-EN 759.
KUCHENGETEKA MUWELDDING
Kune akati wandei njodzi zvinhu zvakabatana ne welding.Iyo arc inoburitsa yakanyanya kupenya chiedza uye ultraviolet mwaranzi, izvo zvinogona kukuvadza maziso.Simbi yakanyungudutswa inopfapfaidza uye pfarivari zvinogona kupisa ganda uye kukonzeresa njodzi yemoto, uye utsi hunogadzirwa mukunama unogona kuva nengozi kana ukafemerwa.
Idzi njodzi dzinogona kudziviswa, zvisinei, nokudzigadzirira uye nokushandisa giya rokudzivirira rakakodzera.
Kudzivirirwa panjodzi dzemoto kunogona kuitwa nekutarisa nharaunda yewelding nzvimbo pachine uye nekubvisa zvinhu zvinopisa kubva padyo nenzvimbo.Mukuwedzera, zvinhu zvekudzima moto zvinofanira kuwanikwa zviri nyore.Vekunze havafanirwe kubvumidzwa kupinda munzvimbo ine ngozi.
Maziso, nzeve, uye ganda zvinofanira kuchengetedzwa negiya rekudzivirira rakakodzera.Mask yewelding ine skrini yakadzima inodzivirira maziso, bvudzi, uye nzeve.Magurovhosi edehwe uye chipfeko chakasimba, chisingabatike chinopisa chinodzivirira maoko nemuviri kubva kupfarivari nekupisa.
Welding utsi hunogona kudzivirirwa nemhepo yakakwana panzvimbo yebasa.
WEDDING NZIRA
Nzira dzeWelding dzinogona kuverengerwa nenzira inoshandiswa mukugadzira kupisa kwewelding uye nzira iyo iyo yekuzadza zvinhu inopihwa mukati meweld.Iyo welding nzira inoshandiswa inosarudzwa zvichibva pane izvo zvinosungirirwa uye ukobvu hwezvinhu, inodiwa kugadzirwa kwehunyanzvi, uye inodiwa yekuona mhando yeweld.
Nzira dzinonyanyo shandiswa dzekunama iMIG/MAG welding, TIG welding, uye stick (manual metal arc) welding.Yechinyakare, inonyanya kuzivikanwa, uye ichiri yakajairika maitiro ndeye MMA manual metal arc welding, iyo inowanzoshandiswa munzvimbo dzebasa dzekuisa uye nzvimbo dzekunze dzinoda kusvikika.
Iyo inononoka TIG welding nzira inobvumira kuburitsa yakanyanya kunaka welding mhedzisiro, uye nekudaro inoshandiswa mune welds inozoonekwa kana inoda chaiyo chaiyo.
MIG/MAG welding inzira inobatika yewelding, umo zvinhu zvekuzadza hazvidi kupihwa zvakapatsanurwa musimbi yakanyungudutswa.Panzvimbo pezvo, waya inofamba nepfuti yesimbi yakakomberedzwa negasi rekudzivirira yakananga musimbi yakanyungudutswa.
Kune zvakare dzimwe nzira dzewelding dzakakodzera kune zvakakosha zvinodiwa, senge laser, plasma, nzvimbo, yakanyura arc, Ultrasound, uye friction welding.
Nguva yekutumira: Mar-12-2022